What makes Canada an interesting country Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What nurses Canada an interesting country - Essay exampleLocated in North America, Canada boasts of 9.98 million squ ar kilometers, making it the second largest country in the creative activity with its borders touching three of the worlds largest oceans, the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic oceans to the East, West and North respectively. Adding to the interesting facts touch its borders, the border between Canada and the United States (US) is the worlds longest land border. These among other facts about Canada make it one of the most interesting countries in the modern world.Canada began self-governance in 1867 and gained independence in 1931 following the bit of the Statute of Westminster and therefore it is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Canada retained its ties with the British crown hence poof Elizabeth II is Canadas head of state in the modern day. This implies no elections for the head of state are held since the monarch is driven by heredity. The monarch then app oints a governor general, after a louver year term, with advisory assistance from the prime minister. Canadas parliament comprises of 105 senatorial seats, members appointed by governor general and 308 members from the House of Commons who are elected by the people on a four year term basis. Additionally, governor general appointees serve up to the age of 75 years. in addition the chief justice and 8 other judges making the high court, are appointed by the prime minister and serve up to 75 up to the age of 75 years. However, there has been attempts to demote from the British crown but to futility such as the 2014 referendum.Canada has a strong economy that can be attributed to its significantly many natural resources, trading activities and strong relations with the neighboring US. As a result, Canada is regarded a developed countries taking the eighth position in Human Development Index. Canada has a wide

Interest groups and political parties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

concern groups and policy-making parties - Essay ExampleThis holds true in todays politics, some interest group would try to impose their governmental will on others indirectly by means of electi wizardering. Electing and Re-electing politicians, who support their cause into government office is one of the important part of the interest groups mission. Many groups help candidates financially and get their members out to vote for them. Recently, much(prenominal) practice is done by PACs (Public Action Committees), which help the interest groups channel their funds into the campaigns of choice of politicians. Interest groups also try to influence government policy by lobbying and filing court cases to influence Congressmen to condition or disagree with a particular bill. Interest groups may also try to lobby the electric chair by suggesting information, submitting proposals, and by trying to influence the minds of the various department secretaries.Another concern by the groundw ork fathers was that interest groups might not have great influence on the community because of their inability to stagger the ideas to people and consequently gain more membership.

The Roar of the Tiger Mom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Roar of the Tiger mamma - Essay ExampleThese activities included watching the television, getting below A grades, playing computer and word picture games, and to attend sleepovers at friends places.The article also stipulates Chua using unsound methods of ensuring that her boorren were properly motivated in roll to ensure their excellence. For example, she indicates that she often refers to one tiddler as garbage with aim of trying to make the child work harder. She also rejects a birthday card that has been crafted amateurish referring it as unworthy. Finally, with aim of motivating her children, she condemns her child who is only seven years old for her inability to play a piano piece, which is complex scorn her practicing it several times.A story that appeared on the time magazine indicated that Meredith Viera who is usually joyful when hosting her program was unable(p) to hide her content towards Chua as she read some(prenominal) of the comments posted by viewers when she had hosted Chua in her show. Comments ranged from regarding Chua as a monster to questioning whether she really loves her children.Despite this, ideas proposed by Chua were received well by some readers. This was especially with regard to a study that had ranked United States of America students as 17th when it came to reading, twenty-third in sciences and 31st in mathematics in the entire world. Such readers associated with Chuos piece since they snarl that the United States of America should not accept academic failure if they expect to compete with other index countries such as China which had topped the Students rankings. Thus the question of whether protecting the childrens self-esteem is more(prenominal) important than ensuring the academic excellence of American children which will later result in their economic victory is raised. In short, which consequences are worse to bear with?

Greetings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Greetings - Essay ExampleThere is honor in his actions, and his movements pop out to be measured, most likely due to the importance of his role. It is difficult to determine whether the talk is a normal part of the ceremony, or whether there is some debate about what is going on. In the third part, one of the men speaks something softly, which is difficult to hear, besides suggests that there may be some enmity about the way that events are proceeding.Based on observation and listening to the four meters, most of the conversations appear to be instructions. One indication of this is the fact that they are devoted loudly, suggesting that they are not conversational in nature. Although multiple people do speak, their body language suggests that they are not speaking to each other, but to the room as a whole.Following this first considerations, the four scenes were reexamined, with the text above the videos and the transcripts themselves taken into account. On the basis of this i t can be concluded that some of the first perspectives I proposed were correct, while others were not. The additional breeding agrees with the concept that this is a ceremony, and that the role of the individual distributing the kava is important. However, the one of the first lines shows that the person distributing is just a random person from the group.One part that was interesting, which was not immediately obvious when only considering the audio is the overtone debate about what person should be given the kava next. One person argues that the person given the first drink should be the one who called the brush rather than the highest ranking person. In the third clip a cup is given to one individual, who also argues that the cup should be given to the person who called the meeting before him.As such, the transcript and descriptions show that the ceremony was not as straightforward as it

Team Organizational Style of Fisher and Paykel Essay

Team Organizational Style of Fisher and Paykel - Essay ExampleThis aspect was highlighted by Imai (1997) in his approach when he highlighted the importance of the shop stem or the team ups working on the industry floor in ensuring that continuous improvement takes place within an organization. The advantages of employing such lean manufacturing processes through the Kaizen approach has similarly been explained by Wilson (2005).Once the new teams were developed, they have engaged actively in the team building process. The changes that buy the farm were in terms of additional time spent in communication skills and team building, followed by activities that were focus on the improvement of work performances and promoting team goals and a common understanding. The goal of the process was to bring or so changes in a positive manner through the application of inspiration and communication developed among team members.This process is summed up in the Kaizen approach to organizational behavior. The Kaizen philosophy has been defined as a government agency of continuous improvement in personal life, home life, social life, and working life. At the workplace, Kaizen means keep improvement involving everyonemanagers and workers alike. The Kaizen business strategy involves everyone in an organization working together to make improvements without large bully investments. (Imai, 1986)The organization took great pains to improve the teams because they recognized the importance of the shop floor to the success of the organization, as highlighted by Imai (1997).

Managemnent psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Managemnent psychology - Essay ExampleHe further asserts that management psychology focus is basically on exclusives and groups. In this particular issue, character is often used to define an individuals personality.Personality can be attributed to individuality in the context of ones knowledgeable states that manifests in the form of feelings and thoughts. It is also related to the attributions that cause an individual to behave in a real manner, as well as, the experienced stable core of an individual. In addition, it also entails how an individual interacts with other the great unwashed in a social set up. There are tests and surveys in psychology that conceptualizes and classifies some aspects of workers selves. The sole purpose of these tests/surveys is to predict behavior, emotions and attitudes of employees and to provide a platform for their management (Alvesson & Willmott, 1996). Evidently, personality can be viewed in terms of ideologies, interaction, and context in qu estion. In the 20th century, psychology surfaced as a tool and proficiency in the managerial skills. It was characterized by rationality in governance in terms of logics increased authority utilization through instrumental focus and focus on work design, as well as, the organization. The tralatitious forms of authority where leadership was determined by social status and class were replaced. People began perceiving management as a form of profession. The impact of this phenomenon was that since it was viewed as a distinct occupation, the notion of competence was embedded into management. various(prenominal) knowledge-based was embraced in the context of economics, ergonomics, studies on time and motion, and industrial psychology (Thompson & Ackroyd, 1995). This contributed to the guidelines for roles in supervision which later co-ordinated social abilities. The supervisory mandates included literacy, technical skills, analytical, and numeracy skills.Feelings as an aspects that d efine

MDCM (B) write up Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MDCM (B) write up - Case Study Example& Norton, J. F., MDCM, Inc. (B) Strategic IT Portfolio Management).Along with defining, prioritizing and framing useful recommendations, the paper withal constitutes a score card in beau monde to evaluate each prioritized projects and also comparing the visit projects using the Portfolio Application Model Matrix (Jeffery, M. & Norton, J. F., MDCM, Inc. (B) Strategic IT Portfolio Management).The MDCM corporeal table should keep heyday focus upon defining, initiating and prioritizing top IT projects that should support or help MDCMs strategic business goals in order to compensate huge losses that the organization faced during the last five successive years. In this connection, the MDCM board should assess their prioritized projects initiative that would ultimately provide high value and low risk towards the business organization. Moreover, the corporate board of MDCM should lay emphasis upon the long-term competitive advantage of the organizat ion along with tackling the risk issues that argon mainly associated or related with them (Jeffery, M. & Norton, J. F., MDCM, Inc. (B) Strategic IT Portfolio Management).The most appropriate IT project initiatives that MDCM analyses can give-up the ghost a part in order to improve its global IT. The organization took the initiative on integrate its methodology and technical values. The corporate team of MDCM wanted to eliminate the numerous different standards and IT methodologies that are rife across the company. This approach would help them to reduce the project sequence and encourage information distribution across IT development teams. This initiative was very much essential for MDCM in order to improve the future establishment development capability of the organization (Jeffery, M. & Norton, J. F., MDCM, Inc. (B) Strategic IT Portfolio Management).The other significant project initiative of

Financial Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Decision Making - bear witness ExampleTherefore, it wont be an exaggeration to say that finance is the lifeblood of all enterprises. This is break upicularly so when economics are undergoing structural changes and economic reforms are in the making to introduce greater elements of competitive forces. In a competitive environment managers are faced with a challenge to compete for resources and to find a best(p) utilization of such resources. Finance is a specialized subject in itself but it draws heavily on other related functions like marketing, action, personnel, purchase etc. Drury (2004, p.5) states Management accounting is concerned with the provision of development to people within the organization to help them make better decisions and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of vivacious operations(Lev, 2001) stated that existing financial accounting standards sharply distinguish mingled with physical and intangible assets. While physical assets (e.g., proper ty, plant, and equipment) are valued on the balance sheet at the price paying to obtain them, less accumulated depreciation, intangible assets are expensed as incurred. Accounting is therefore considered an integral part of the knowledge management within an organization. ... What mix of equity and debt to use How much financial risk to wee Making a calculated financial decision makes a big difference between a prosperous and growing business and a liability. The prime function of a management executive in a business organization is decision-making and forward planning. Decision making means the process of selecting one live up to from two or more alternative courses of action whereas forward planning involves means establishing plans for the next. The question of survival of the fittest arises because resources such as capital, land, labor and management are limited and can be employed in alternative uses. The manager is thus supposed to analyze the past data, current informati on and the estimates about future predicted as best as possible. This application of economic theory to business management is known as managerial economics. This is micro-economic in character as the unit of study is the company. The following aspects are said to be generally under the ambit of managerial economicsDemand analysis and forecastingCost and production analysisPricing decisions, policies and practicesProfit managementCapital management.Often a distinction is made between management accounting and financial accounting. Management accounting measures and reports financial and non-financial information that helps managers make decisions to fulfill the goals of the organization. Its centralize is on internal reporting. On the other hand financial accounting is considered to have a accent on reporting to external parties. It measures and records business transactions and provides financial statements that are based on the Generally recognised Accounting Principles (GAAP). Therefore managers are responsible for the financial statements

Distribution Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

distribution Strategy - Case Study ExampleAn online platform testament allow us to distribute the crossing across the county with ease and with relatively low cost-related dynamics. We will create an easy-to-maneuver website where customers can access information apt(p) to the product as well as buy products at the comfort of their homes or workplaces. Aside from the website, we will develop a smartphone application with an easy to use interface which will growth our competitiveness. Statistics document a large number of the county residents are technologically savvy and have access to mobile phones and computers. This works to our advantage. increase the number of distribution channels discovers a greater customer base, increased productivity and enhanced profit-making potential. Therefore, to increase sales volumes, we will employ services of sales representatives, intermediaries, local distributors and incorporate direct distribution methods in our distribution strategy when ever necessary so as to increase accessibility of Old-Timer.The firm has already make provisions to purchase 5 delivery vehicles to facilitate transportation. These vehicles will be strategically scheduled to alter and avail the product to all markets. Through establishing strategic partnership with key players in the industry, we will ensure that our product is in supply stores, supermarkets, established care centers and nursing homes countywide. Our target market is specifically women vulcanized above 35 years and the younger generation willing to purchase the product for their parents.

Internal Analysis of Sab Miller Company Research Paper

Internal Analysis of Sab Miller Company - Research paper ExampleThe corporate administration is maintained at high standards by the committed directors which they believe to be the base for carrying out their responsibilities effectively. They aim for providing the right leadership and control over the environment to produce the cherish and even sustain the delivery of value to the entire shareholder of the play along. (Ahmed, 2008, pp. 23-25)The corporate governance structure of the company comprises of 15 boards of directors amongst which five are non-executive non-independent directors and six are independent non-executive directors, and two are executive directors Mr.Clark the promontory executive and Mr.Wilson the chief financial officer of the company. The chairman of the company is Mr.Manser. The structure of the corporate governance comprises of non-executive chairman, managing director, and somewhat committees like size up, nomination, remuneration, corporate accounta bility and essay assurance, accountability committee, and the business units.The operations of the board are to tidy sum strategic objectives of the group, to determine different investment policies, sets upon performance criteria, and forwards the planning and implementation of those goals along with unlike policies including the various risk parameters. There are specific matters reserved by the board such as approval of the financial statements, the business strategy being adopted by the group, the plan for the yearly capital of the United States expenditure, major capital projects, managing the various changes in the groups management and control structure, various risk management strategy, material investments and disposals, implementing various sustainability and environmental policies, and other treasury policies. The board clearly governs through the elect board committees and monitoring the system. The board applies integrity, accountability, and principles of good gov ernance through all the activities it performs and each of its directors bring liberty and judgment to the role. By such defined structure, each member of the board are well alive(predicate) of their responsibilities towards the companys stakeholders and the board keeps a regular review on the performance and the core governance principles. The executive directors are responsible for proposing various and implementing operational decisions. The non-executive directors contribute to the formulation of strategy, decision making, and forming policies with the help of their knowledge. The audit committees responsibilities being to review and challenge the financial statement before final introduction to the board, review and examine well the risk management system and internal control environment systems indoors the group and then carrying out analysis of the groups overview, to recommend to the board regarding the appointment and removal of external auditors, to check the effectiv eness of the internal audit process through focus on charter, staffing, annual work plans, organizational and reporting structure (SabMiller, 2013).

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

History - Essay ExampleThis implies an conjecture that colonial powers could and should simply take for themselves what they needed from civilizations that were less well developed industrially. The exercise of power is rather blatant, since it denies the rights of the other nations, and speaks of a duty to civilise inferior races (Ferry 1884, no page number). The terminology of empire casts the conquered lands as savage wilderness (Beveridge, 1898). In contrast, the colonizers are lauded as saviors it is ours to save that soil for liberty and civilization. (Beveridge, 1898). This kind of palaver stresses the incompetence of conquered lands in governing themselves, and the positive contribution that colonial powers will make on the lives of the conquered peoples. These ideas give tongue to just how arrogant and condescending the western powers were, and how little they were able to appreciate different ways of aliveness than their own. The notion of cultural supremacy is taken f or granted in the political texts mentioned, but it also crawl into arts and literature as well.

Report on recruitment and selection processes Assignment - 3

Report on recruitment and selection subroutinees - Assignment manakinort involves a comparison of the two versions of the selection and recruitment policies included in the 2000 policy guidelines and the 2010 policy guidelines of the company. The survey is suitably concluded by providing recommendations regarding the changes which may be necessary for improving the overall process of the recruitment and selection policies of health care join. It can be identified from the comparison that there are significant shipway in which the 2010 policies can be improved. The main recommendations given are that the time related to all the procedures must(prenominal) be made more flexible, the involved personnel should be made task oriented, documentation process should be made short and simple and support and training should be more task related.Healthcare United operates in the domain of healthcare and is one of the leading healthcare providers in Australia. Healthcare United is an adva nced organization in terms of strategic planning and human resource management. The company has ever so tries to employ the best possible human resources available in the domain of healthcare. The company is an equal probability and unbiased employer which has helped to maintain a sustainable and ethical image over the years of its operation. The company employs 1500 healthcare professionals who work in two sites of the company. One of the sites of Healthcare United is located in Victoria and the other is located in NSW. The company has recently drafted a new strategic plan that it aims to implement trance opening up other office in a new location. The selected location is Hobart in Australia itself. In this situation, it is significant for the company to compare the effectiveness of the new guidelines with that of the old guidelines. With more than 1500 employees working in contrastive sites of the company and with the company planning to open up a new office in another area, it has become of imminent importance to create well-defined and functional recruitment and selection

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 24

Business Ethics - Essay ExampleIn this perspective, on that point is a example responsibility for transnational corporations in exchange Starbucks in Forbidden City.To begin with, the every individual has a fundamental right to maintain and preserve a culture (Kent, 2010). The people of Forbidden city and then have the same right and consequently expect this right to be respected by another(prenominal) individuals and corporations that venture into their city. Multinational corporations are consequently obliged to respect this right to cultural preservation. Business practices that upon this right would be considered as a violation of this fundamental right of the Chinese in cultural preservation and thus will be unwelcome. From a normative perspective, multinational corporations as a dissolver have a responsibility in observing this right in respect for Chinese culture.Secondly, there is the need for consideration of beneficial business practices to both parties that would r esult in happiness for both, as utilitarianism states for the purposes of coexistence (Kent, 2010). Since multinational businesses make intrusions into societies environments, it is important that they consider what would be of great benefit to both parties. Selling Starbucks in this flying field is obviously not beneficial to both parties since there has been creation of conflict. In order to create a practice that would be beneficial to both corporations and society, it is imperative that consideration of this decision be made since selling the firm as it does not bring happiness to both parties.Thirdly, great moral philosophers argued before that study principles of moral philosophy demand both parties to be equal such that none should take wages of the other. When making a decision to sell Starbucks in Forbidden City, multinational corporations should consider the effect of their actions on Chinese culture. If

The Statute of David Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The statute of David - Essay ExampleCommissioned by the Cathedral Works Committee in 1501, Michelangelo pull ind The Statute of David, which was his testimony to the stunner of Gods creation. The sculpture was a representation of King David in the Bible. During the critical times of the Florence Republics threatening and powerful rival states along with their rival the Hegemony of the Medici Family, the Statute of David symbolized the defense of civil liberties. The Statute of David or the Eyes of David was later turned towards Rome. In 1873, the Statute of David was lay in the Accademia Gallery in Florence. The original location of the Statute of David was replaced with a replica of the sculpture. Michelangelos late spiritual faith to do Gods Will was an influence in his creation of the bloody shame Della Pieta or the bust of the Virgin Mary. The sculpture was created for the St. Peters Basilica in Vatican City. Michelangelo sculpted the compassion and serenity in the Virgin Ma rys face. His purpose for the Madonna Della Pieta was to embody the spiritual beauty of the infinite beauty of God. The Madonna Della Pieta was Michelangelos testimony to his eternal love for God. The sculpture is a symbol of the Christian faith. Michelangelos spiritual obedience to do Gods Will influenced his artistic work. His spiritual faith allowed him to create many artistic masterpieces that influenced the Italian Renaissance. He created inspirational masterpieces for the world. He is Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, the divine one.

Intermediate Financial Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Intermediate Financial report - Essay ExampleInternational Accounting Standard 38 mentions the utility and usage of nonphysicals in the financial aspect of companies. The intangible assets are the intelligent property rights, goodwill and the expenditures of the company on research and developments. They are also known as hood developments. In the second part of the report, the examples of two famous listed Australian companies have been taken. Both of these companies are from pharmaceutic industry. Acrux bound specializes into development of fast-drying sprays and other medicinal products, while Agenix Limited is mainly based in mainland China and has competency in development of biopharmaceuticals. The company is into several agreements with renowned institutions for development, innovation and discovery of useful medicines for the advance of mankind. The management in Acrux Limited considers their intangible assets at the cost price when they were acquired. In case of Agenix Limited the capital development of their research and development on some new drug has been included. Agenix Limited has a larger base of intangible assets than Acrux limited, in terms of financial value. Both the financial statement of both the companies shows that the intangible assets of the companies are well-maintained. ... The best examples of intangible assets in organizations are the goodwill, intellectual property rights such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, brand recognition, etc. There are two types of intangible assets, such as legal and militant intangible assets. The legal intangible assets are the trade secrets such as the patents or copyrights, competitive intangible assets are knowledge or technical know-how. The legal intangible assets are acquired through judicial regulations, besides in case of competitive intangibles, legal regulations are not enforceable (Anson, and Drews, 2007, p. 6). The Uniform Commercial inscribe (Section 9-102 (a) (42)), depicts that intangibles are the personal property. In International Accounting Standard (IAS) 38, it has been mentioned that the legal intangible assets which are internally developed cannot be defined, but if it is acquired from third-party then it can be recognized. While in case of US GAAP, the intangible assets are segregated into internally developed intangibles versus the purchased ones, and the limited life intangibles versus indefinite life intangibles. The authorization economic reimbursement from an intangible asset might comprise of revenue from sale of services or products, scrimping cost, or additional benefits from the usage of assets by the venture. For example, using intellectual property in a twisting development may condense the future tense cost of production rather than the increase in future revenues (Australian Accounting Standards Board, 2008, p. 2-4). Problem Areas The power to create customer value, stakeholders and shareholders value and economic value no longer depends on the production factors, but on intangible assets. These are also considered as the

Performance Elements Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Performance Elements - Assignment ExampleIn Wildes The Importance of Being Earnest, it contains dull dialogue which limits direction to the initial scene settings, and besides limits the vocal or expressive cues for the different characters. It is gum olibanum suggested that if any of the performance elements were removed, it will leave the storys performance suggested or with an understood heart on the dialogue which enables the reader to identify the various missing elements partly overdue to the logical growth of the story (Jago, Shea and Scanlon, 2011)On the other hand, The C supra the C Above High C provides more than details in the plot and character development by using different performance elements such as background action, sub-scenes, visual cues, and even shifting the timeline. If any of these elements were to be removed and depend just on the dialogue, the play would result in a total confusing state (Wilde, 1885). This play also include political statements, sy mbolism as well as satire many of which will be lost if dialogue alone is employed. Symbolism and irony can be cited where Louis apply a seventh cranial nerve cream and appears white though he is fairly dark but seen as very slow among the rising black entertainers, and accepted by both the white and black community (Jago, Shea and Scanlon, 2011)Therefore, The C Above the C Above High C play is considered to be more in depth for the readers due to the different elements applied, hence giving the reader the ability to picture the play on the stage which lacks in the Wildes work of The Importance of Being Earnest which is heavily dialogued (Reed,

Emerging trends in Human Resources Management Essay Example for Free

Emerging trends in Human Resources wariness EssaySession Outcomes Discover the global trends affecting humanresources management, Describe the impact these trends are having onorganizations and the management of humanresources, Develop an appreciation of the changing role ofhuman resources management in sustenanceorganizational strategy.Emerging Trends in Human Resources trouble (HRM) How would you define or describe Human ResourcesManagement (HRM)? What is it? How do you define it? Turn to the person next to you and share your thoughtsregarding what you think what Human ResourcesManagement is. I will select a number of people to share what they came up with. You have 2 minutes to do this.

The poems of Seamus Heaney and D.H.Lawrence Essay Example for Free

The numberss of Seamus Heaney and D.H.Lawrence EssayThe poets Seamus Heaney and D. H. Lawrence frequently describe their own clawhood memories in their poems. Mid-Term have and The other(a) Purges by Heaney, both show great examples of the way Heaney felt up some many things, like death and relationships, as do the poems Piano and Discord in Childhood by D. H. Lawrence. Lawrence was born(p) in 1885, the fourth child of five. His father was an irresponsible alcoholic, and Lawrence was born hating his father and shivered at his touch. Heaney, however, loved and hugely respected his family and especi tout ensembley his father.Heaney was born in 1939 at the start of WW2. He, unlike Lawrence, was the eldest of nine children, and was brought up and worked on his fathers farm, before existence sent to a boarding school when he was twelve. Lawrences parents had a violent relationship one giant bloody fight, because of his fathers temper. Lawrence was much closer to his mother because she was highly educated and they understood each other. Heaneys poem Mid-Term Break is all about the death of one of Heaneys younger brother. Heaney conveys many feelings in this poem, like growing up, childhood, memories, and death.He uses many modern techniques in this poem caesura for emphasis on certain things, enjambment to create a sense of continuity running by means of the poem, alliteration, imagery and many more. Heaney similarly portrays a lot of memories in this poem. First the title Mid, implies an interruption in his life and childhood, and an early introduction to adulthood, but to a fault Break, is a harsh, tough word, that could mean the break in his brothers life and childhood. In the first stanza he mentions sitting all morning in the college sick bay.This was when he was awaiting to be driven home to his brothers funeral from his boarding school, and was feeling dislocated and loneliness from the rest of the world. Heaney sees his father crying in the second verse. In the porch I met my father crying, this is besides the first implication that the funeral is that of a member of the Heaney family. He also mentioned Big Jim Evans another big, strong determination model, affected by the death. The next verse says The baby cooed and laughed and rocked the pram, which is incongruous and doesnt fit in with everything else.Later, Heaneys hand was shake by old men, and Heaney was embarrassed, because he should have been showing them respect. He was told they were sorry for my trouble, which is clichi , and he felt a huge amount of responsibility when whispers informed strangers I was the eldest. Heaneys mother coughed out angry tearless sighs because she was every angry with herself for not looking after her son, or angry with the driver of the car that knocked him clear. In the poem, Heaney felt many things embarrassment, sadness, and awkwardness. The last verse of the poem reveals the age of his dead brother.The alliteration and sh arpness of the last line, real makes you realize how young he was, and how hard it must have been for the Heaney family. The last verse is also even out apart from the rest of the poem, because it has only one line. This makes it even more important, because the reader will notice it more, and also pay more attention to it, and what it means. Heaneys other poem The Early Purges focuses on Heaney growing up through his childhood, and his journey to becoming an adult, and obtaining a different perspective on certain things. The Early Purges, is very significant.Early implies something that happened to Heaney when he was young early on in his life, and Purge means to rid yourself of impurities and sin. It also makes the poem sound as if it wont be endurable. This poem is about bad things that have happened to Heaney. It is all about death. As a young boy, Seamus Heaney helped to work on his fathers farm, and during that time he saw farm workers cleaning lots of defenceless, innocen t animals. This is also bluntly written. Heaney was only six when he first saw kittens drown. He makes this very bold at the beginning of the poem.It is hard-hitting and appeals to the hearts of the readers, because kittens are, young, cute and vulnerable animals. Dan Taggart pitched them, the lean wee shits. The worker, Dan Taggart is the one doing the killing. He calls the kittens scraggy wee shits, which shows how little he cares about them. The kittens are expound as making a frail metal sound, which again shows how young and weak these animals are. The sound also appeals to the aural senses, because the reader can easily imagine the sound and how horrible it must have been.

The Effects of Video Games on Children Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Video Games on Children Essay engine room is a useful servant but a dangerous master, says Norwegian politician Christian Lous Lange (1930, no page). Indeed, technological progress made a step forward in humans civilization, changed passels lives and brought new innovations. Virtual reality, as a part of this progress, gave an opportunity to drop a look at the world built on imagination with a disaster to be involved in all actions happening there. Computers, PlayStations and other gaming platforms allowing population to interact with a virtual gaming world argon becoming popular today, especially among children. Definitely, nearly flick games positively impact on childrens eruditeness skills at schools or colleges, even showing better results in their cultivation. However, these games argon one of the controversial issues be presently. On the level with researchers revealed positive sides of virtual gaming, there have been conducted many other types of research, which discovered some(a) negative effects caused by virtual games.On the one hand, the positive effects of digital games tush be linked with an academic education of children. These games lot teach young people some subjects at schools or universities, for caseful, algebra and geometry (Corbett et al., 2001). One of the reasons for this can be that children act actively while playing characterisation games kinda of just listening or watching, which make computer games good teachers. Moreover, a practice of video games for educational purposes may be helpful for migrant children. There atomic number 18 several reasons for this such(prenominal) as the possibility to change languages, an opportunity to repeat tasks which were difficult for international students and other reasons. For instance, this practice was successfully used by the Pennsylvania Department of Migrant Education to teach international students (Winograd, 2001).Turning to the negative effects, a s alutary concern just about digital games attributes to slam-bang games, which are gaining popularity among children, whereas educational and challenging games are becoming little popular. Perhaps the most problematic issue connected to the violence in games is the formation of aggression in childrens behavior. According to Park (2014), new research has be that those children who are addicted to sit hours playing video games are more likely to act themselves in a hostile way than those who are far from sheding lots of time in front of gaming platforms. Shooting at people and killing them, acts of stealing and kidnapping, and a clear vision of bleeding profusely all these factors are accountable for the appearance of kids aggressive attitude towards other people. But aggressiveness is not only problem. Other behavioural problems are also caused by violent games such as making some actions normal whereas they are irregular. For instance, well-known game Grand Theft Auto gives a clear vision of actions which are terrific in reality, such as hiring prostitutes and murdering them to take money back, killing pedestrians by driving on the paving material in GTA world, carrying out an attack on people randomly and others (Wendling, 2014). In fact, the history shows that over one hundred twenty-five million of duplicates of GTA were sold which makes this game one of the best sellers (Video Game Sales Wiki, 2013). Additionally, demented activities in some video games are awarded with virtual money, reputation and some points, which can spur on children to realize abnormal and even criminal actions in real world. In 2013 two girls from Italy murdered one man and steal his money and then told the police that they felt as playing GTA while committing the crime (Corriere Della Sera, 2013).There can be observed other negative effects too related to behavioral problems caused by violent games. More studies should be undertaken to analyze all these effects in order t o minimize negative consequences carried by them. Similarly, we have to concern about non-behavioral effects of virtual games on children as well. First of all, video games run for to deterioration of childrens loving skills. According to studies made by a group of specialists, there was engraft that children addicted to playing games displayed a lower level of social skills compared to normal students (Zamani et al., 2010). The reason for this can be that young people devote their free time to video games instead of talking with coevals and friends, which, obviously, arouses unlike troubles with communication. The research concluded that children having exposure to playing games avoid communicative relations (Zamani et al., 2010). The explanation concerning why children perpetually play video games was given in the research video games are more enjoyable, inform about others, help some children to feel themselves not alone, somehow make children forgotten about existing problem s, and video games give an opportunity to participate in game actively and directly (Zamani et al., 2010). Social skills are weighty in the formation of individuals since relationships and fundamental interactions with other people built on communication are pivotal. However, negative effects of video games on childrens social skills continue to worry the majority of people, especially parents.Furthermore, wellness problems caused by video games are one of the major problems to concern about. Since children may seat sufficient time controller-in-hand, they spend less time on physiological activities. Hence, obesity may be a great scourge to their health problems. Accordingly, one research indicated that children who play virtual games more than 1.5 hours are more inclined to have obesity problems than those who spend less than 1.5 hours (Rehbein et al., 2010). In addition, vision problems triggered by sitting hours in front of the monitoring device may serve as another example f or health-related problems about video games. Parts of the substance such as pupil, cornea, and iris are vulnerable for long viewing on electronic devices, contributing to eye strain (Gillespie, 2002). Thus, this may have negative outcomes such as deterioration of childrens vision. Another example of health problem caused by computer games is an epileptic seizure. That is why all video game industries are obliged to have epilepsy warnings on goods they produced in order to prevent this illness. There are more health problems triggered by video games, especially, among children as developing population, since they have recently started their growth in both sensual and mental characteristics.In conclusion, technology is not a good or bad invention, it depends on people in what way they use it. Similarly, virtual games have many positive effects in education even giving a better performance of students in academia. Many types of research have proven that interactive computer games ar e good teachers and may be helpful for migrant students, because of an active interaction with the virtual gaming world, language changing possibilities for international students and repetitiveness of tasks. However, other researchers have shown that violent games may cause some behavioral and non-behavioral problems, which represent a great danger for young people. Behavioral problems take aggressiveness in children, caused by violent actions in the game and non-behavioral problems include deterioration of childrens social skills, as a result of lack of communication. Additionally, health-related problems are also one of the negative effects of video games. Illnesses such as the deterioration of the eyesight, caused by an extensive viewing of the monitor, obesity, which is triggered by a lack of physical activity, epileptic seizure, and many other health problems, are things which needed to be concerned about by everyone. Finally, even though video games have more bad consequence s on children rather than positives, with an effort to energize rid of negative effects we should save positive effects of video games.

Admission to the Master’s Program in Physical Anthropology Essay Example for Free

Admission to the Masters computer program in Physical Anthropology EssayI had always been charm with science accordingly I did my major(ip) in Chemistry and Archaeology from the University of Virginia. In this process I attended two archeological digs. adept of these was of six weeks duration at a Native American Site that dated back to the ordinal century. The other one was conducted at a Historical Site that pertained to the nineteenth century, during one of the semesters in college. During the flight of my studies in archeology, I performed an isotopic analysis on hair samples obtained from ancient Egyptian mummies, in smart set to discover the diet that they used to consume. Subsequent, to graduating with a degree in chemistry and archaeology, I discontinued my studies in order to take stock of my life and withal to foray into the field of penmanship by compose a novel. Afterwards, I examined the various graduate programs that I could join in order to continue my educ ation. My fire in science actuated me to pursue a program in ostensible law in the law school.I did extremely well at law school, but I was not ena more(prenominal)d by the study of law or what I saw of legal practice. In my opinion it seemed to be a profession that was motivated solely by personal gain and avarice and was least touch with the advancement of society. After the successful completion of the first year of this program, my professors and lawyers persuaded me to continue with it as it would become more interesting. This assurance caused me to persevere with legal studies.See moreThe 3 Types of Satire EssayNevertheless, the excitement generated by the acquisition of knowledge was never experienced by me. In addition, I never felt queer about discovering something new in this field of study. This was a novel experience, because I had been elated and thrilled by the process of acquiring knowledge as an undergraduate science student. However, the time expended in acquiri ng a law degree was not an utter waste of time and effort. I became adept at analyzing and line of reasoning in a legal manner.Furthermore, I acquired knowledge regarding the historical foundation of our legal system, and I grasped the nuances of patent law. Thus, I decided to court my original and true love, which is science. Accordingly, I scouted around and subjected the various graduate programs for which I was eligible. My search, which was quite elaborate, disclosed that physiologic anthropology was ideally suited to my needs.Anthropology is derived from the Greek anthropos or human and logia or study. In other words anthropology constitutes the stud of humankind right from the time that man first appeared on this planet. from each one and every aspect of humans is studied in this field of study and the focus is on a holistic approach to mankind.This is a fascinating study and it has four branches, namely cultural, linguistic, archaeological and biological anthropology. My taste sensation is towards biological or physical anthropology, which studies the biological origins, evolutionary development and genetic diversity of humans. An attempt is also made in this branch of study to comprehend human nature, the brains evolution and the skittish system (What is Anthropology? , 2006).My lifes ambition is to successfully complete the master program in physical anthropology and subsequently, obtain a PhD in this field of study. I am extremely interested in primatology or the study of primates, palaeoanthropology or the study of fossil hominids and genetics. At present I am problematical with genetic research on mollusks at the Chicago Academy of Sciences.ReferencesWhat is Anthropology? . (2006). Retrieved November 8, 2007, from American Anthropological Association http//www.aaanet.org/anthbroc.htm

A Climate for Change Essay Example for Free

A Climate for Change assayGeneral Motors has been through some difficult times the past ten years or so and appears to earn water learned some hard lessons. Based on these lessons, General Motors has begun to adopt a strategy of restoring profitability to its North American operations, by aggressive marketing, redesigned products, adopting to new Human imaginativeness strategy and a profit rather than a market sh are goal. Since this assignment is on strategic human resource management, I will be concentrating more on GMs Functional Strategy in HR, which played a major image for GMs success. General Motors Human Resource Management Most companies do not descry the HR department as a strategic business partner or as an critical part of the organisation (Terri Kabachnick, 1999). By analysing executive assessments, they usu ally show merchandising, finance, or marketing in the apex spot when each departments value and contribution to the companys success as perceived by the company are rated. HR inevitably ranks last, coupled with loss prevention.Traditional HR departments within large, multi-national corporations tend to be ineffectual with the logistics of managing processes across many another(prenominal) departments spanning multiple countries. In addition, GM, like other multi-nationals, has multiple HR groups ace at the corporate level and additional ones for each business unit within the corporation. These HR groups typically do not allow a central repository of information and lack a coordinated communications infrastructure.As a result, the HR processes of large, multi-national corporations generally are redundant and inefficient. In addition, the sheer number of third-party vendors employ by an HR department to handle discrete functions makes management of the process challenging. By necessity, these departments predominantly have focused on administrative functions and typically dont have the time or the resources to devote to strateg ic planning. At the same time, many are facing a dramatic reduction in resources, and cost-cutting efforts primarily have focused on reducing staff, rather than re-engineering service delivery.A Climate for Change While many businesses flourished during the boom years of the 1990s, GM, like other U.S.-based automakers, struggled to maintain the status quo. During those years, GMs market share continued to bring down as a steady stream of consumers bought cars from its Japanese, German and Korean competitors.When wagoner took over as chairwoman and chief executive officer of GM in 1998, he knew the company had to multifariousness its approach to manufacturing and merchandising cars or it would continue a downward spiral and eventually lose its place as the worlds pre-eminent automaker. Wagoner set into motion an effort to reorganize and rebuild GM from the inside out. One of Wagoners primary objectives was to focus and revamp the companys HR department. Wagoner thought HR is param ount to GMs reorganisation effort. If they were to hire, train and keep the best workforce possible, then it must have the best and close to up-to-date HR practices possible. While the reassign in HR is just one element of making GM a more globally focused and competitive company, it is a key element.GM has always been a very siloed corporation with all of its distinct divisions functioning like separate companies. There have been numerous reorganisation efforts at GM, and most have not fared well, because of the turf battles and independent nature of GMs divisions. However, GM appears to be taking a different approach. Focusing on HR and making it a key element in the reorganisation effort, which GM has never really attempted before.One real challenge has been the effects of change on one large organisation which has set itself to comfort,so to get GMs management team to completely buy into the strategic role for HR was a task in itself. Middle management, however, has been a d ifferent story, they were more resistant to change than their managers. But, the effort is under way, and senior-level executives are well aware that it is an evolution not a revolution and accordingly will take some time. The key to making the evolution work, is to find the points of resistance and to try to make them understand the need for change. And if they continue to resist then personnel changes should be considered.as the cost is quite liberal to barter. I personally feel that the approach which GM adopted, provides a best fit to its work surroundings and structure.

Morality is timeless Essay Example for Free

Morality is timeless EssayHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird highlights examples of heroism and courage in a small Alabama township plagued with racism and poverty. The novel focuses on the experiences of the Finch family which consists of genus genus Atticus, Jem, and reconnoitre. sentry serves as the narrator of the book her story is based on her recollections of the unconstipatedts leading up to, during, and after her bewilders defense of Tom Robinson, a black slice accused of raping Mayell Ewell, a white woman. To Kill a Mockingbird is non only a reassessment of racism, but teaches valuable life lessons about deterrent example courage and standing up for what is right.The protagonist, Atticus, displays both righteous and physical courage throughout the novel. He is committed to instilling in his children the importance of living an estimable lifestyle regardless of the circumstances. For example, he explains to Scout that he accepted the Tom Robinson case because i t is a moral obligation for equal representation. Specifically, he clarifies to Scout that the primary reason is if I didnt I couldnt hold up my head in town, I couldnt represent this county in the legislature, I couldnt fifty-fifty tell you or Jem non to do something again (Lee 83).Atticus believes that it is only fair to judge one in terms of that individuals moral caliber not by the color of their skin. Furthermore, he does not condone retaliation. even so though Mrs. Dubose, a morphine addict, is prejudice and unkind, Atticus reprimands Jem for behaving heartlessly towards her. Atticus never loses his composure even when Bob Ewell maliciously spits in his face. He rationally explains, He had to take it out on psyche and Id rather it be me than that houseful of children out there. You understand? (Lee 218).Harper Lees lesson is that a persons morals should not be affected by others behaviors or beliefs. Honor to a higher place All 1 Steiner 2 Harper Lee creates the narrat or, Scout, to demonstrate that morality is not necessarily innate(p) but can be taught. As the novel progresses, Scout realizes that moral courage is more problematic to carry out than physical courage. No one in the community wants to associate with Boo Radley however, Scout comes to recognize his compassion and returns it with civility. Although initially fearful, Scout welcomes Boos gifts and embraces his differences.Again, Scout demonstrates that morality can be learned when a potentially violent situation arises at playground with another classmate she refrains from development force. Her calmer nature proves effective at the courthouse. She harmlessly inquires about Mr. Cunninghams family, Hey Mr. Cunningham. I know your son, Walter he is a nice kid. We go to school together (Lee 81). Her charity results in the scattering of the angry townspeople. Scout witnesses that kindness is effective tool to avert violence. The minor characters of Calpurnia, Tom Robinson, and Boo Radl ey are symbols of decency and respect regardless of their backgrounds.Calpurnia chastises Scout for mocking Walters unsophisticated eating habits. Hush your mouth Dont matter who they are, anybody sets foot in this houses yo compny, and dont you let me catch you remarkin on their ways like you was so high and mighty (Lee 33). Calpurnia is a maternal var. for the Finch children as she too, similarly to Atticus, helps them to differentiate right from wrong. Tom Robinson exhibits courage when he volunteers to help Mayella Ewell with household chores even though he is aware of his inferior social standing.His decision to speak only the truth in court by stating, I felt right sorry for her she seemed to try moren the rest of em. ,(Lee 197) further demonstrates his warmth demeanor and commitment to behave courteously. Lee includes the character of Boo to Honor Above All 2 Steiner 3 depict another type of prejudice social discrimination. Despite his social alienation, Boo courageously a bandons the safety of his home to help his kids. Boo is guided by his sense of what is right and puts aside orders rejection. Calpurnia, Tom Robinson, and Boo are guided by morality.Courage can be specify as the ability to face fear, pain, uncertainty, and the unknown. Harper Lee effectively uses her characters to demonstrate moral and immoral choices and consequences. Atticus and Scout respond to the towns racism with a resolute sense of purpose. Through her fathers and Calpurnias guidance she becomes more refined and tolerant. She averts physical confrontations at school and understands that morality should not change with each situation. The character of Tom Robinson symbolizes what it truly means to be a caring human being being. Regardless of the racism that he endures, he is honest and compassionate.While racism plays a significant fiber in Lees novel the importance of moral courage cannot be understated. As Atticus profoundly advises, Youll never know really understand a person until you consider things from his point of image (Lee 65). Harper Lee conveys that since justice is blind to race, gender, and differences a moral code is the only hope for equality. Unfortunately, as exhibited in the novel, adhering to ones moral code does not always guarantee the desired or just outcome. Lee, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. London Vintage Classics, 2007. Print. Honor Above All 3.

HSC2014 Eat And Drink Essay Example for Free

HSC2014 Eat And pledge EssayBe able to support individuals to make choices about regimen and drink. 1. 3 Describe ways to resolve any difficulties or dilemmas about the choice of food and drink. Allowing an individualthechoiceofwhat theywishtoeat isveryimportantand iftheydonotwant what is on the menu you sewer accentuate asking what they would prefer and agree with them a fit alternative. If a usefulness user roll in the haynot communicate with voice communication alone, using pictures or some other(a) method to show what food they wish to eat could alike be an appropriate method. Explaining the nutritional values of meals and encouraging a healthy option is important only when it is the value users right to refuse or choose something different. 1. 4 Describe how and when to seek additional charge about an individuals choice of food and drink.Familyandfriendsofa serviceuseroreventheserviceuserthemselvescan extendguidancein regards to what they like to eat and drink and what they prefer, this information can be found in each service users c are plans. However, there may be other times in which additional guidance should be sought out. For example, if a service user is on a particular diet for diabetes or weight loss, if they are on a soft food diet or even a puree diet and you are unsure of what foods are suitable for them then a qualified member of staff can be asked. Be able to provide support for eating and intoxication.3. 1 Describe factors that help promote an individuals dignity, comfort and use while eating and drinking. It is important to assess the needs of each service user separately as what works for one may not be suitable for someone else. A calm and short environment should be provided during meal times and it is vital to ensure that any special cutlery or eating aids are provided at the beginning of each meal and that they are accessible to the service user. You should ensure that a drink is within reach and that what they are eating is suitable for their diet and needs.Providing the service user with encouragement or psychological support is of upmost grandeur, any assistance should be provided with supply if the service user struggles or requires aid. Be able to clear away after food and drink. 4. 1 Explain why it is important to be sure that an individual has chosen to finish eating and drinking before clearing away. Itis veryimportantandrespectfultoensurethata serviceuserhas consummatewiththeirmealbefore clearing it away.It may be that the service user is a slower affluent than someone else or is quite simply having a breather, they could also need a break for the jackpot if the food is cleared away before they are ready it is possible for them to be left soothe feeling hungry or thirsty. This could upset or agitate the service user. Be sure to richly communicate with the service user to be one hundred percent certain that the meal is finished with if they should stop eating. Be able to monitor eating and drinking and the support provided.5. 1 Explain the importance of monitoring the food and drink an individual consumes and any difficulties they encounter. Keepingarecordormonitoringanindividualsdietcanbeextremelyimportant.Itcanhelpwith understanding certain likes and dislikes of food, which meals are eaten better and which types of meals are preferred. It can also provide answers in regards to any changes that may highlight certain health issues such as difficulty with swallowing or chewing, struggling with solids but eating better with softer foods or loss of desire due to illness. Also, if a service user suffers any sudden weight loss, monitoring food expenditure is important for understanding whether it is a health issue or purely lack of eating. Steps can then be taken to rectify any issues.

Write from Memory Essay Example for Free

Write from Memory EssayThe writer and narrator wave Proust is a very interesting fellow. The glide slope or also c everyed Swan Way describes wave archaean childhood and also opens up to him stating For a long time I use to go to complete early. Marcel Proust describes how difficult it was just for him to fall asleep. He then falls asleep, he then states he was reading a book prior however when he finally fell asleep imagining he is part of the book he was reading or well subject to it, save he awakes to honour out that he was asleep. (Proust, 1909)The access is more of an autobiographical than anything else. The Overture sets the tone for the rest of his novels and the major penning is the relationship between time and memory. There is one part in the story where Marcel is inebriation tea and eating sponge cake. This instantly causes a relaxation in Marcel and eventually reminds him of his last(prenominal) memories where he would have a similar meal back in Combrary. This is another example in involuntary memory as he was not trying to remember the past it just came naturally by the cue of drinking tea and eating a sponge cake. (Proust, 1909)The biggest difference from Marcel Prousts Overture and an more realistic novel is that it isnt organized in genuine sense or rather when Proust wrote the Overture he would talk about the future, past, and present which were laid out in memory. The main characters of the story were all introduced in the beginning. The narrative also changes from first person to third person which was unusual in piece of music realistic novel as the perspective generally stays the same throughout the story. The way Marcel Proust wrote his long paragraphs to sentences so he could fully tell his metaphors. When reading the Overture I cant help, but be instilled as if I was there with Marcel during that time of his telling it.

Cafes Monte Case Essay Example for Free

Cafes monte Case EssayThe company located in Milan, Italy.It was found by Mario Salvetti as a manufacturer and distributor of premium finest coffees. The company faces a hard decision that may affect their future. The company wants to cheat whether or not they should keep working in the same investing. An important meeting was there among the pass management teams members to discuss the future of the company. The companys performance was good in 2000. Profit was shown at the financial statement. Giacomo Salvetti the CEO of the company needs to decide which to choose as the rail line strategy for the company 1) Keep working in the premium coffee market.2) Transfer to the private brands market.The received capacity of the coffee production in 2000 was 350,000 K/M , with added superfluous capacity of 150,000K/M. The cost of the supererogatory units was 6 billion liras. More facts about the clamsability and the liquidity were required beside the funds flow and the profit p lan to quantify strategic alternatives and to help in making this decision. The idea of changing was not blue to the CEO to accept without a clear image of the financial consequences. The report was provided by the marketing carriage showed that the premium market is very volatile.On the other hand, the private brands market is more stable. (Full capacity at the price of 8,800 liras). Price is lower in the private market than the premium. The volume is depending of the number of retailers. ( Every additional retailer need at least 500,000 K/Y). The report was provided by the manufacturing director showed that costs atomic number 18 different in each amount of the volume and quality of beans. These costs include the cost of beans, promote and fixed cost. The company is able to save 65% of selling costs, 75% of RD costs and 50% of administrative costs, if they choose the private brands market.(Director of strategic planning). Private brands retailers will pay slowly- 90 days inste ad of 30 days. (Financial officer).I took the sales price as the current price 8,800 liras. Most of the expenses ar decline analyse to what they were in 2000 beside also the profit. Marketing expenses were no longer there because the marketing percentage became 0% in this volume of the private market. The reason of having this decline is the gross shore of the private market comparing to the margin of the premium market. Sales price and cost in private market are slight than what they are in the premium market. Cash flows are not stable during the year. It looks vary from quarter to another. In the cash flows, the retailers will pay in 90days (3months) period of time as what it is in the private market. The cash opining was 50% in the first month and 25% in next 2 months. The other expenses were divided by the 12 months equally.Variable and selling costs are showing in page(5).I dont recommend the full transition to private market. The profit will be lower than what it is even i f it is less volatile. There is no reason for the company to lose its premium market if the profit is low, too. I would supporting the chance of mixing the premium and the private markets together, because of the profitability there.

Sample Management Essay Essay Example for Free

Sample Management Essay EssayThe major convert in an judicature consists in inclination towards customization versus standardization. As competitiveness grows, more rivals want to obtain bigger market shares. This way, customization becomes a very powerful tool that attracts customers much. In such an approach, managers consent to take into account not customers inescapably and wants, as they used to before, but rather they should consider each customer separately.Of course, there are organizations that discombobulate to work for every customer individually, like advertising agencies, or barbers shops, they literary cannot domiciliate one and the same good or service for all customers, their business would then become unprofitable. such(prenominal) kinds of organizations do not count. Great example of the ones that do count would be companies that produce clothes. Nike, as surface as Levis has changed their approach tremendously over last years. Their intrinsic life of o rganization has been neutered by the consumers demand of customized tangible goods.As a result, managers function has also been changed and has become more customer-driven. bad examples of customization were evident when both of the listed above companies offered unique services for every customer. One can observe at their website that every customer can pick his own color for shoes, not choose out from the offered list, and then have his name or unique id written on the side of each shoe. Another change that most of the organizations, as well as managers, experience is the change of the organizational structure.Since the primary tasks of an organization change, as discussed above, inner structure of the company also has to be changed, and that is where managers must perform the best they can. In severalize to manage employees properly, the basic step they have to implement is pick the most appropriate theory of organization, the deterrent example that suits their companies the most. This is usually not an easy task because one might consider contingency theory to be the most appropriate, while actually the best model in the situation would be systems theory.Furthermore, management theorists have developed another organizational theory that a manager would be likely to choose in todays extremely competitive business world, and that is chaos theory, which is mostly on the natural selective information and chaos, or as it is often referred to enthropy. Bibliography 1. Burke, Warner. (2002). Organization Change Theory and Practice. SAGE publications. 2. Davidson, Jeff. (2001). The Complete Idiots Guide to Change Management. Alpha Books.

Overview of the Indus Qater Treaty

Overview of the Indus Qater treatyCHAPTER VFrom time immemorial man has been emotionally tie to wet. weewee disputes start existed d sensationout the history of mankind and various mechanisms to deal with capers energise been tried. So utmost no clear cut directions or conventions have emerged to deal with water disputes. Many organizations, including legal associations, have tried to lay down some principles. The stovepipe of these be the Helsinki Rules evolved by the International uprightness Association in 1966 at its 52 conference at Helsinki 1. However at best the Helsinki Rules fag serve as guidelines and in the case of the sub-continent the conditions argon different because they deal with dispersion of water for the purpose of irrigation which is not the case of Europe. The recent stresses and strains in the observance of the Indus Water conformity (IWT)2have been alarming. India has subscribe several concords with its neighbours for sharing of irrigate of t he major rivers of the subcontinent. Currently four major treaties govern the distribution of the amniotic fluid of Ganges, Indus and Brahmaputra. These are the Indus Water Treaty (1960) amidst India and Pakistan, Sankosh Multipurpose Project treaty (1993) between India and Bhutan, the Ganges Water Sharing Agreement (1996) between India and Bangladesh, and the Mahakali Treaty (1996) between India and Nepal. The reluctance in the observance of the Indus Water Treaty (IWT)3 have had many analysts believe the relation between India and Pakistan will be governed to a large open by issues of water sharing in the years to come.The Indus River SystemThe northern and western break apart of the Indian subcontinent is irrigated by the Indus River and its system of upper tributaries. The Indus then travels a length of near 3000 kms done Tibet, Jammu and Kashmir, POK, and Pakistan beforehand submission the Arabian Sea. There are several distributaries that join the Indus River in its jo urney to the seas and the most important matchlesss which are discussed in this chapter are Beas, Sutlej, Ravi, Chena band Jhelum rivers.The Indus TributariesSutlej Sutlej is the longest of the many tributaries that join the Indus. The River Sutlej originates in Tibet and runs a course of approximately 1500 kms through the mountain ranges of Himachal Pradesh and enters Pakistan through the plains of Punjab. The Husseiniwala Headworks has been reconstructed downstream at the junction between of Beas and Sutlej, the closure of which on may 1, 1948 started the water crisis that encouraged the IWT. These Husseiniwals headworks supplied water to the State of Bikaner through Bikaner Canal and the state of Bahawalpurfrom the Depalpur Canal. The Bhakra obstruct, which Nehru called the new temple of renascent India,4 is too situated on this river. Another important headwork on this Sutlej is Harike that water the Sirhind canal and Rajasthan canal.Chenab This approximately kelvin km lo ng river originates in Himachal Pradesh and is further augmented by Chandra and Bagha as it enters Jammu and Kashmir. After crossing the Pir Panjal range, it enters the Sialkot regularize in Pakistan near the town of Akhnoor. The Marala barrage has been strengthened by Pakistan across the river in 1968 as part of its design to harness the water of the river under the provisions of the IWT.Jhelum Kishenganga (Neelum) The Kishenganga river originates in the mountains west of Dras and is further met by a number of tributaries and merges with the Jhelum River near Muzaf removedabad in PoK. The Jhelum River originates in the foothills of the Pir Panjal Ranges near Verinag and then flows through the cities of Anantnag, Srinagar, Sopore and Baramulla. Some of its important tributaries are Lidar, Sindand Vishav.Ravi This approximately 800 km long river rises in Himachal Pradesh and runs before joining Chenabin Pakistan by and by flowing past Lahore. The Thien Dam (Ranjit Sagar Dam) has been constructed on this river at the junction of Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir States and feeds the Upper Bari Doab Canal.Beas This approximately 500 km long river originates near Rohtang Passin Himachal Pradesh and flows through Kulu Valley and the Siwalik Range. The Pandoh Dam is located on this and diverts water to Sutlej through the Beas-Sutlej link.The Indus Water TreatyEven prior(prenominal) to 1947, as the irrigation from the Indus river systems covered a number of administrative units and water available was not always able to meet the combined demands, disputes used to arise from time to time between these units for their share of water at different times of the year, and for the different find outs contemplated by them5. The partition of India in 1947 was a complex problem and one which the then rulers of India did not assoil satisfactorily. The problem was further alter by the presence of several beleaguer princely states especially that of Jammu Kashmir as well as the river systems of Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra. The Indus river system presented a very complex problem because all the rivers originated either in Jammu and Kashmir or India but the irrigated the areas of Punjab that had been allocated to Pakistan also headworks that regulated the flow of waters of these rivers were dispense to India. Apart from the Punjab Boundary Commission proposition that the canal-headworks system be considered as a joint venture, a suggestion discarded by two countries, no deliberations were carried out on water sharing during the work on of partition. Problems arising out of water sharing issues of Indus System would later take more than 10 years to resoluteness. moreover complicating this issue, Pakistan covertly and later overtly tried to take control of Jammu Kashmir for many reasons including that of its perceived read to have the rivers of Jammu and Kashmir under its control which creating a feeling of animosity in the mi nds of the Indian politicians.Both India and Pakistan agree to a Standstill Agreement on Dec 30, 1947thereby freezing the existing water systems at the both headworks of Madhopur (on theRavi) and Ferozepur (on the Sutlej) until March, 31, 19486. arbitral Tribunal (AT) was set up under Section Nine of the Indian Independence Act which was meant to resolve any dispute which the Punjab Partition Committee was unable to resolve. The East Punjab government decided to stop the flow of water to West Punjab on 01 April 1948 when the East Punjab government did not respond favorably to the idea of duologue and therefore technically there was no agreement between these two government. Incidentally the term of the AT also finished on the same day.At the invitation of East Punjab, the representatives of the two divided-Punjab States met in Simla on15 Apr 1948and signed two Standstill Agreements7regarding the Depalpur Canal and Central Bari Doab Canal to be in effect until15 Oct 1948. However, the West Punjab Government refused to respect the Agreement and the PM of Pakistan, called for a meeting. The Finance Minister of Pakistan along with ministers from West Pakistan visited Delhito work out an agreement8in the Inter-Dominion gathering held on May 1948.Indiaagreed to release of water from the headworks, but made it obvious that Pakistan could not lay convey to these waters.Mr Eugene R. Black, the President of the World banking company visited India and Pakistan in 1951 and suggested that a team of Indian, Pakistani and World vernacular engineers to solve the functional aspect of water sharing without getting involved in the political issues. The two countries evaluate this mediation9. The World depository financial institution also asked both the sides to give out their plan for the division of the water resources which both the countries did by Oct 53. While the plans of both the country were remarkably similar on the issue of availability of water it varied con siderably on the critical issues of requirement10.In order to resolve the dispute, the World aver final examly proposed its own plan in Feb 1954 as India and Pakistan had failed to reach a consences. The plan offered the Indus, Chenab and Jhelum rivers to Pakistan whereas the three remaining rivers were offered to India. India recognised the proposal whereasP akistan gave only a qualified acceptance to the proposal. The plan suggested by the World Bank was far closer to the Indian proposal than that of the Pakistan one and in a way consolidated Indias position. Pakistan was not slaked with this plan and even made a threat of withdrawing from the negotiations. Eventually the plan was not fully change into a settlement but provided provision for future negotiations which continued for the next 6 years.11 12In the absence of a full agreement India and Pakistan signed an Interim Agreement in June 1955. As no definite agreement could be reached, the World Bank announced in Apr 1956 t hat the negotiation deadline has been indefinitely extended.13 below the World Bank plan, Pakistan was to construct barrages and canals to divert the Western river waters so as to compensate the loss of Eastern rivers. The final treaty was signed by the head of states of the two country in the presence of the World Bank President on 19 Sep 1960. The treaty allocated the three Eastern Rivers to India and the three Western rivers largely to Pakistan. The IWT enunciated a mechanism to exchange regularly flow-data of rivers, canals and streams. A Permanent Indus Commission (PIC) was constituted, headed by two Commissioners, one from each country. The PIC is expected to meet at least once a year alternately in India and Pakistan and submit an annual report to their respective Governments before June, 30thevery year.The IWT has seen several issues that have rocked the very human foot of the treaty. No more issue was more publicized than the aftermath of the attacks on the Indian sevens . There was also a widespread demand within India for climb-down from the IWT after the attack on the Indian Parliament on December 13, 2001. Apart from this some of the contentious issues have been elaborated in the succeeding paragraphs.The Tulbul water travel Lock/Wullar Barrage IssueIn order to improve navigation in the Wullar Lake , India planned to construct a barrage on the entrance of the lake so as to raise the flow of water as also increase the depth to accommodate larger vessels. This would result in the increase of the storage condenser of the lake and therefore Pakistan objected to the supposedly consummative use of water. Pakistans objection14 15stems from two issues, one India needs to get consensus of the design from Pakistan and two, it cannot store waters as per IWT on the Jhelum Main anything in excess of 0.01 MAF. Pakistan also feels that any storage of water on the Jhelum is a security risk as it would provide India with the capability to control the flow of water into Pakistan which could be used in an offensive nature. Indias argument16is that such a construction will not reduce the make sense of water flowing to Pakistan and in fact it would also be beneficial to Pakistan by regulating water flow to Mangla Dam. When the agreement was reached in 1991, the only point of contention that remained was the timing of the filling up of the lake.The shallon Hydroelectric ProjectThis was the first major dispute successfully resolved bilaterally under IWT. The project provides waters to Pakistan in a regulated manner but involves no diversion by India. However, Pakistan successfully objected to the construction of the six anti-siltation sluice gates which resulted in decreased power generation capacity. India also agreed to reduce the heights of the spillway gates from 40 feet to 30 feet.The Ranbir and Pratap CanalsThe Ranbir Canal, were built by the Dogra rulers of Jammu and Kashmir and were meant to water the areas of Miran Sahib, Vijaypur a nd Madhopur. Under the treaty, India is allowed to take out a fixed quantity of water for these channels. Many restrictions, such as quantum and dates of withdrawal have been imposed on India by the IWT.The Kishenganga Project17The project involves the construction of a 103 metre dam before the crosses the Line of Control (LoC) and a channel and a 27 Km long tunnel through the North Kashmirranges to transport the water to the Wullar lake where a hydroelectric power station will be built as part of an integrated project. Pakistan objects to the Kishenganga project as it suspected that it would have an adverse impact on its envisaged 969-MW Neelum-Jhelumpower plant. This project was initially planned for 1994-1997 but lies inactive because of lack of funds. The Indian Kishenganga project is expected to ternary to a shortfall of 21% loss of water flow in Neelum resulting in a 9% reduction in power for the Pakistani project.18The Baglihar ProjectThe dispute over the Baglihar is technic ally complex. Pakistan has raised six objections relating to project configuration free board, spillway ( ungated or gated), firm power, pondage, level of intake, inspection during plugging of low level intake, and wheather the structure is meant to be a low weir or a dam19.One set of objections relates to the dams storage capacity, a second gear to the power intake tunnels, and a third to the spillways. As for the dams storage capacity, Pakistani officials call attention to the treatys leeway of only run of the river dams. Such dams are by definition non-storage dams-in other words, power is generated from normal river flow, the tapping of trial not dammed water. In practice, Pakistanis concede, some storage is essential (and is explicitly authorized by the treaty) there is, after all, considerable (especially seasonal) variation in the flow of rivers, a fact that necessitates installation of sufficient storage to change stable, efficient operation of the hydroelectric plant o n a regular, year round basis.Pakistani officials deem that the Baglihar dams design supplies India with the means, on the one hand, to economically squeeze, starve or strangulate Pakistan, or, on the other hand, to flood lamp Pakistan, conceivably for military purposes. They argue, moreover, that the Baglihar dam has huge spring-setting importance for Pakistan to compromise on Baglihar, they say, would set a precedent that India could invoke whenever it liked elsewhere on the Chenab or Jhelum rivers.Dr Raymond Lafitte of the Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne, Switzerland, was ordained by the World Bank and confirmed by India and Pakistan in May 2005 as the neutral arbitrator. though Lafitte ruled favorably towards India on three of the four main criteria, both nations claimed victory20.Each emphasized points of the ruling that fortunate their respective initial positions.Reasons for SuccessIn spite of the various points of conflict in the IWT, the treaty can still be sited as an example of successful mediation by an international organization in dispute resolution. A unique mix of circumstances contributed to the success of the effort21 -The World Bank played the unbiased broker honestly and impartially.As both countries lacked financial resources to undertake projects independently the position of the World Bank became highly influential.The discussion was consciously restricted to engineering principles and facts and filtered out all political discourse from the issue. contempt the treatys success over the past decades, India and Pakistan have experienced numerous disputes over modifications to the flow of rivers. The increasing need to maintain a steady flow of water for survival and the recent rise in discrepancy over aspects of the treaty raise the question of whether the treaty is still adequate22. Disagreements on construction of new reservoirs, declining found water potential and the growing number of disputes with India23 after a rela tively uneventful period has complicated the situation for Pakistan and therefore arises the need to re-work the treaty. Indias Water Wealth, pp210.6032. TheINDUSWATERS TREATY 1960 between THE GOVERNMENT OFINDIA, THE GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTANAND THE INTERNATIONAL coast FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT.A River Story, Nandita Bhavnani,The Hindu,June 6, 2004 http//www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2004060600580800.htmdate=2004/06/06/prd=magDepartment of Irrigation, Govt. of Rajasthan, http//www.rajirrigation.gov.in/4bhakhra.htmIndias Water Wealth, pp211.Ibid, pp211.Water Rationality Mediating the Indus Waters Treaty,Undala Z. Alam, University ofDurham http//www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/related_research/Alam1998.pdfInter-Dominion Agreement, between the GoI and GoP on the Canal Water Dispute between East and WestPunjab.Water Rationality Mediating the Indus Waters Treaty,Undala Z. Alam, University ofDurham http//www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publication s/related_research/Alam1998.pdfIndusWater Treaty Case Study, Transboundary Fresh Water Dispute Database http//www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/projects/casestudies/TheIndusWaters Treaty A History by TheHenryL.StimsonCenterFostering riparian Cooperation in International River Basins, Syed Kirmani, Guy Le Moigne World Bank Technical Paper 335, January 1997World Bank Historical Chronology 1950-1959Water Disputes inSouth Asia, Farzana Noshab, Nadia Mushtaq,Strategic Studies, Summer 2001, No.3, Vol. XXI, the Institute of Strategic Studies,IslamabadInternationalRiverWaters inSouth Asia Source of Conflict or Cooperation? http//irs.org.pk/spotlight.htmVIIIDelhi cycle per second of Indo-Pak Talks-II Tulbul Navigation Project/Wular Barrage, Mallika Joseph http//www.ipcs.org/newKashmirLevel2.jsp?action=showViewkValue=466subCatID=nullmod=null330-MW Kishenganga Project gets Technical Clearance,Iftikhar Gilani,KashmirTimes http//kasmirtimes.com/archive/0406/040619/news2.htmIbidTwo Neighbours an d aTreaty Bagliar Project in Hot Waters by Rajesh Sinha, Water Conflicts in India ,pp394.Resource Disputes in South Asis Water scarcity and the Potential for Interstate Conflicts, Emma Condon, Office of South Asia Analysis , US CIA, pp 6.The Role of Independent Third troupe Arbitration in Cross Border Water Disputes by Nishesh Mehat.The China-India-Pakistan Water Crisis Prospect for Interstate Conflict, crowd together F Brennan.The Indus Water Treaty , Subrahmanyam Sridhar.

The Use Of Brainstorming In Stages Information Technology Essay

The procedure Of Brainstorming In Stages Information Technology EssayBrainstorming is usually the first crucial imaginative stage of the project focusing and project planning process. See the brainstorming method in feature and explained separately, because it many other useful applications outside of project management.Fishbone draws be chiefly utilize in reference management fault-detection, and in melodic line process improvement, specially in manufacturing and production, but the model is in addition real useful in project management planning and task management generally.Within project management fishbone diagrams atomic number 18 useful for early planning, notably when gathering and organising factors, for fount during brainstorming.Fishbone diagrams ar in truth good for identifying unnoticeable factors which can be significant in enabling larger activities, resources aras, or parts of a process.Fishbone diagrams are not good for plan or showing interdependen t time-critical factors.Fishbone diagrams are also called cause and exit diagrams and Ishikawa diagrams, after Kaoru Ishikawa (1915-89), a Japanese professor specialising in industrial quality management and engineering who devised the proficiency in the 1960s.Ishikawas diagram became kn avouch as a fishbone diagram, obviously, because it looks like a fishboneA fishbone diagram has a central spine running left to right, around which is built a map of factors which contribute to the utmost result (or problem).For each project the master(prenominal) categories of factors are identified and shown as the main bones lede to the spine.Into each category can be drawn primary elements or factors (shown as P in the diagram), and into these can be drawn secondary elements or factors (shown as S). This is exculpate for e really category, and can be extended to third or fourth level factors if necessary.The diagram above is a very dim-witted one. Typically fishbone diagrams have six or m ore main bones feeding into the spine. Other main category factors can include Environment, Management, Systems, Training, Legal, etc.The categories used in a fishbone diagram should be whatsoever makes sense for the project. Various standard category sets exist for different industrial applications, in time it is important that your chosen social structure is right for your own situation, rather than taking a standard set of category headings and hoping that it fits.At a simple level the fishbone diagram is a very effective planning model and ray of light especially for mapping an entire operation.Where a fishbone diagram is used for project planning of course the strength is shown as an aim or outcome or result, not a problem.The Problem term is used in fault diagnosis and in quality management problem-solving. Some fishbone diagrams can become very complex indeed, which is common in specialised quality management areas, especially where systems are computerised.This model, and the critical caterpillar track summary diagram are interchangeable to the even more complex diagrams used on business process modelling within areas of business planning and and business process improvement.project critical runway synopsis (flow diagram or chart) little elbow room compend sounds very complicated, but its a very logical and effective method for planning and managing complex projects. A critical path analysis is ordinarily shown as a flow diagram, whose format is linear (organised in a line), and specifically a time-line. comminuted Path Analysis is also called Critical Path Method its the same thing and the terms are commonly abbreviated, to CPA and CPM.A commonly used tool within Critical Path Analysis is PERT (Program/Programme/Project Evaluation and Review Technique) which is a specialised method for identifying related and interdependent activities and events, especially where a big project may contain hundreds or thousands of connected elements. P ERT is not normally relevant in simple projects, but any project of considerable size and complexity, oddly when timings and interdependency issues are crucial, can benefit from the detailed analysis enabled by PERT methods. PERT analysis commonly feeds into Critical Path Analysis and to other broader project management systems, such as those mentioned here.Critical Path Analysis flow diagrams are very good for showing interdependent factors whose timings overlap or coincide. They also enable a plan to be scheduled according to a clockcale. Critical Path Analysis flow diagrams also enable priceings and budgeting, although not quite as easily as Gantt charts (below), and they also help planners to identify causative elements, although not quite so easily as fishbone diagrams (below).This is how to create a Critical Path Analysis. As an example, the project is a simple one do a hot up breakfast.First note down all the issues (resources and activities in a rough order), again fo r exampletack on crockery and utensils, assemble ingredients, prepare equipment, make toast, fry sausages and eggs, grill bacon and tomatoes, lay table, warm plates, serve.Note that nearly of these activities must happen in parallel and crucially they are interdependent. That is to say, if you tried to make a fry breakfast by doing one task at a time, and one after the other, things would go wrong. certain tasks must be started before others, and certain tasks must be completed in order for others to begin. The plates accept to be warming while other activities are going on. The toast needs to be crisp while the sausages are frying, and at the same time the bacon and sausages are under the grill. The eggs need to be fried last. A Critical Path Analysis is a diagrammatical representation of what needs done and when. Timescales and represents can be applied to each activity and resource. Heres the Critical Path Analysis for making a fried breakfastThis Critical Path Analysis ex ample below shows just a few activities over a few minutes. Normal business projects would see the analysis extending several times astrayr than this example, and the time line would be based on weeks or months. It is possible to use MS jump or a similar spreadsheet to create a Critical Path Analysis, which allows financial totals and time totals to be planned and tracked. Various specialised project management software enable the same thing. Beware however of spending weeks on the intricacies of computer modelling, when in the early stages especially, a carefully hand drawn diagram which requires no computer training at all can put 90% of the thinking and structure in place. (See the details about the most incredible planning and communications tool ever invented, and gettable for just a tiny fraction of the price of all the alternatives.)project critical path analysis flow diagram examplegantt chartsGantt maps (commonly wrongly called gant charts) are extremely useful projec t management tools. The Gantt Chart is named after US engineer and consultant Henry Gantt (1861-1919) who devised the technique in the 1910s.Gantt charts are excellent models for scheduling and for budgeting, and for reporting and presenting and communicating project plans and development easily and quickly, but as a rule Gantt Charts are not as good as a Critical Path Analysis Flow diagram for identifying and showing interdependent factors, or for mapping a plan from and/or into all of its detailed causal or contributing elements.You can construct a Gantt Chart using MSExcel or a similar spreadsheet. Every activity has a separate line. Create a time-line for the duration of the project (the breakfast example shows minutes, but normally you would use weeks, or for very big long-term projects, months). You can colour canon the time blocks to denote type of activity (for example, intense, watching brief, directly managed, delegated and left-to-run, etc.) You can schedule review and tuck break points. At the end of each line you can show as many cost columns for the activities as you need. The breakfast example shows just the capital cost of the consumable items and a revenue cost for labour and fuel. A Gantt chart like this can be used to keep track of progress for each activity and how the costs are running. You can move the time blocks around to report on actuals versus planned, and to re-schedule, and to create new plan updates. Costs columns can show plan and actuals and variances, and calculate whatever totals, averages, ratios, etc., that you need. Gantt Charts are probably the most flexible and useful of all project management tools, but remember they do not very easily or obviously show the importance and inter-dependence of related parallel activities, and they habit obviously show the necessity to complete one task before another can begin, as a Critical Path Analysis will do, so you may need both tools, especially at the planning stage, and almos t certainly for large complex projects.gantt chart exampleA wide range of computerised systems/software now exists for project management and planning, and new methods continue to be developed. It is an area of lofty innovation, with lots of scope for improvement and development. I welcome suggestions of particularly good systems, especially if inexpensive or free. Many organizations develop or specify particular computerised tools, so its a good idea to set about local relevant advice and examples of best practice before deciding the best computerised project management system(s) for your own situation.Project planning tools naturally become used also for subsequent project reporting, presentations, etc., and you will make life easier for everyone if you use formats that people recognize and find familiar.

Grocery market in UK

Grocery market in UKINTRODUCTIONIt is a event that the last couple of years most of the perseverance and service sectors worldwide welcome lost their reliableness on clients confidence. Fortunately, lately thither founder been some signifi abidet causal agencys by some industries princip entirelyy with the assistant wholenessself of their major players (larger companies), to get back to the game. The industry sector that we be going to analyse is the nutrition industry lead astraying in the United Kingdom.In order to help the simple reader to beat a taste of what are the situations that occur inside the sector, we leave provide some signifi displacet informations about the surface of the sector, the general activities taking place in it, statistics and forecasts and generally as m whatsoever informations as we can to help him understand whats happening inside the sector.Size of the market market in UKThe calendar year 2009, the fare market markets esteem was 146. 3bn, an increase of 4.8% c one timerning 2008. For either 1 of victuals and food market expenditure , 52p goes for retail accounts for in e precise . 21p in every 1 spent in food food market is spent in contrivance stores.Number of securities industry stores in the UKThe number of grocery stores in UK is 92,796. There are split into four main sectors, which are defined as followed 1. Convenience storesThese are stores with less than 3.000 sq ft gross revenue area. They are open for many hours during the day and their selling harvest- condemnations that have at least eight different grocery categories, (e.g Co-operative Group, Londis, SPAR). Traditional retailThese stores have less than 3,000 sq ft sales area.This includes modernisticlysagents (selling confectionary, spic-and-spanspapers and tobacco), specialist off-licences,specialist grocers, food specialists ( range of a functions of bakers, health foods,butchers, etc.) and separatist specialists.Hypermarket, superm arkets superstoresIn this category, we have the Supermarkets which have sales area of 3,000-25,000 sq ft ,Superstores with sales area over 25,000 sq ft and Hypermarkets with over 60,000 sq ft sales area.All of them are selling a broad range and a class of mainly grocery items. Non-food products are also sold in those stores (eg Tesco, Asda).Online channelHere we have the category of sales via internet.We must mention the fact that approximately 70% of sales are select in superstores and supermarkets. The remainder majority is accounted by convenience retailing, with traditional small retailers that account for only 7% of sales.Table 1 provides a breakdown by category.Table 1 UK Grocery Retail sales by Category, 2009 take to be%food and drink 91.6 bn 62.6 %tobacco 16 bn 11 %non-food grocery 23.5 bn 16.1 %non-grocery 15.2 bn 10.3 %Total retail sales through with(predicate) UK grocery outlets 146.3 bn source immunoglobulin D Grocery Retailing 2009As we can figure from table 1, food and drink are by far the category that is consumed more(prenominal) by the public. What is really interesting and for that reason we provide Table 2 is the increase of non-food grocery category by the centre of 6.5 bn (38%) from 2005 to 2009. It is also very important the fact that there has been a general increase of the total retail sales through UK grocery outlets by 21% in that period of time.UK Grocery Retail gross sales by Category, 2005 value%food and drink 78 bn65 %tobacco 12 bn10 %non-food grocery 17 bn14 %non-grocery 12 bn10 %Total retail sales through UK grocery outlets long hundred bn source IGD Grocery Retailing 2005 Value of salesContinuing the above, we add the fact that through grocery, outlets have increased by 3% per annum in real terms over the last 10 years. This growth reflects rising non-grocery sales and gamyer average spend (i.e. better quality or insurance policy premium food, more convenience purchasing etc). UK Grocery Market Performance Groc ery market performance. Source IGD Research 2009As we can observe from the diagram above, year by year there has been an amelioration on the UKs Grocery Market Performance. Some of the multiple reasons that we present here is first the fact that bespeak and technological trends have reinforced from each one former(a). Larger stores with a wider product variety and range have encouraged customers to make larger and less frequent shops. Also, the technological improvements (i.e. checkout scanning, stock control, longer shelf-lives, white produce) have further reduced the costs and attracted consumers. Loyalty card schemes have indeed given retailers a raw insight into consumer preferences as well as managed to enable them to get more involved into product development.Aggregate Market ShareThe diagram below shows the larger groceries in UK, according to their apportion in the domestic market. Tesco currently has a steadily and commanding increasing of slightly more than 30 % shar e of the non-convenience grocery market in the UK. During the 1990s, Sainsbury and Tesco enjoyed analogous market shares (of 20 to 25 %), however Sainsbury has lost a lot of ground since.Number of employeesEmployment in food drink retailing exceeded the number 1.2 one thousand million of employees in December 2009. This number aproaches almost 5 % of the employees in the UK. Over 60 % of the employees were either half-time or female employees (45 % were both female as well as part-time occupied).Profit MarginsSupermarket meshwork margins range typically between 2% and 6%. According to Food Industry News, ( dear-food.com, 2010), the beginning of 2010 for the UK grocery retailing group were much improved in comparison with last year. More accurately, there was a 4% rise on grocery sales in relationship with 2009. Group revenue from ABFs (Assosiated British Foods) continuing businesses was 17% ahead of the similar period last year. The matrix below shows the sales and the mesh ma rgins for the year 2009 for the UK retailers. source DTI Added Value Scoreboard 2009ForecastCircumstances look set to remain really challenge for retail throughout 2010. verdict is forecasting growth of just 1.3% for 2010, the second smallest growth rate, following 2009. Verdict is predicting a low growth in retail sector over the next couple of years, as the impact of the recession continue to be felt by customers.Food inflation continues to ease in Q1 2010, at 1.7%, compared to 8.9% in the uniform period a year ago. Inflationary pressures are subsiding callable to falling commodity impairments, less seasonal price fluctuations and price competition within the sector. In fact, we are forecasting food inflation of 1.9% for the year, down from 4.4% in 2009.Major ChallengesEstablishing an Online Grocery nonpareil of the major challenges that food retailing industry is dealing with nowadays is the online grocery market.The net grocery market is an extension of the home-shopping ph ilosophy. It is a sector that has already demonstrated considerable growth and that promises further substantial increases in the future. Online grocery sales in the UK are expected to double by 2014, according to researchby industry analystsIGD (just-food.com, 2010). Internet sales crossship canal many product sectors have achieved and continue to achieve high annual growth rates in the UK. Indeed, consumers passion for and propensity towards purchasing items online show no sign of abating. Last year, 13% of adults shopped online for groceries an increase of 63% on 2008, according to the IGD data. UK consumers will spend GBP7.2bn on food and grocery shopping online by 2014, nearly double the figure for 2009, IGD supports. For retailers, the online option provides a new channel through which to sell their products, display a wide range of items to their customers and develop their share of what continues to be one of the fastest-growing sectors of the grocery market. Internet g rocery, offers to the consumer, a variety of options and a number of advantages It enables them to view a wide range of products, to compare prices and to ready delivery at a convenient time. From the moment that these options and these benefits are appeared to the consuming public, a necessity is created for the food retailing sector and more specific for the large supermarkets to respond to this major challenge.The Internet or online grocery market in the UK is dominated by four of the UKs major supermarket chains Tesco, Sainsburys, ASDA and Waitrose and by a one-fifth supplier, Ocado, which is a warehouse-based online operation and a partner distributor to Waitrose. Outside of these five major suppliers, the market is mainly populated by a wide range of niche, specialised retailers, many of which offer products that are not al demeanors available in the major supermarkets. Apart from the five pencil lead online suppliers, no another(prenominal) supermarket chain in the UK o perates in the online grocery market not even Morrisons, which is the fourth-largest supermarket chain by market share.The way UKs retailing sector and its marketers are responding to this major challenge, is -as we have just mentioned- by setting in the await line its Supermarket and hypermarket chains to create a profitable and competitive online grocery. Tesco, leading the online offers in the domestic market, provides a variety of benefits that the customer-member can enjoy. Visiting the companionships aim (www.tesco.com) we can find not only everything that is related with food-product variety and prices, but also a number of other work (non-food) interchangeable books and amusement, clothing, mobiles and a number of banking and insurance services as well. This way, the consumer can be informed about any price of the product that he is interested on buying and calculate the exact total issue forth of money needed for his/her supermarket expenses, alternatively than mak ing an off-hand calculation in the duration of his/her shopping. Also, the non-food services create the feeling of a cope market in which the consumer can find almost everything. A similar approach is been followed by the other supermarkets too.Another innovative way that the British grocery has invented is the club-card. This card is provided to every customer-member of a specific supermarket, either by registering online or by simply asking to the supermarket to provide him/her one when he/she visits the supermarket for shopping. That way, every time the consumer buys a product, a small amount of money is been credited in his account with the form of points, and by and by a predetermined period of time -when a number of points is collected-, a letter arrives to his address informing him that he can exchange the number of points with a number of products depended on his decision (i.e. a voucher of 10 pounds for consuming products), or with a number of gifts that the supermarket has decided to provide (i.e. a T.V. set for each consumption of products, valued above 500 pounds ).Home delivery, is another very important benefit of services that the online grocery provides. Throughout a wide variety of products that the consumer can find on the web-site of every online grocery, he can order the desirable products and have them home delivered in an exchange of a small amount of money (usually 4-5 pounds). That way he can save a lot of time from going to the supermarket, postponement in the queue and carry all those bugs to his house.In addition, exclusive research commissioned for this report showed that 17.8% of all respondents purchased groceries via the Internet at least once in a year, with 3.8% making online purchases at least once a week and a further 2.4% making them two or three times a month. One in 20 respondents utter they purchased groceries online once a month. However, almost a third of those who said they bought groceries via the Internet agreed that, due to the recession, they had reduced the amount they usually spent on online grocery purchases.The upstart focus of the five major online grocers has seen them expand their distribution networks, improve their stock availability levels and enhance the functionality of their websites. However, in the current recession, other factors are now being given more attention particularly price competition between the sites, which is becoming increasingly important. In addition, environmental issues have lead more significant. For example, the leading suppliers have introduced measures to reduce the number of plastic bags used for home-delivered orders and to use more fuel-efficient delivery vehicles.As at December 2008, the UK had the fifth-highest number of broadband subscriptions among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) group of countries (and the third-largest number among the European OECD countries). These high broadband connection rates have e nabled the UK to become a leading centre for online sales in general, and for online sales of grocery products in particular. Plans have been outlined to construct a super-fast broadband network across the UK, and this should in turn allow the online grocers to develop new website designs and technologies in order to take advantage of such developments.Key Note forecasts that in the 5 years up to 2013, the UK Internet grocery market will continue to demonstrate high annual rates of market expansion and to account for an increasing correspondence of grocery sales overall. The value of the Internet grocery market is projected to more than double by 2013, compared with the size of the market in 2008.Promoting Sales of Healthy BrandsAnother great challenge for the British food retailing sector -in order to maintain its position, its good reputation but also to increase it is to publicize the sales of healthy strong cross outs. But what is a healthy strong instigator and what are t he appoint points for the marketers for energizing a healthy brand?A healthy and strong brand generates more results than just bigger sales. It sustains a product over time through consistency and excellent communication, providing at the same time value to its target customers. It is based on a proposition of genuine substance and value to the target customer. It wins, builds and retains customer loyalty and also maintains its relevance over time by evolving in repartee to changing customer expectations and perceptions. It creates a competitive advantage, increases the profitability of the business and also it is consistent with the business dodging. It provides a protective for growth strategies but also tries and most of the times succeeds to become a barrier for new entrants or substitutes to the market. Ways of succeeding some of the above goals we are providing to the following paragraphs.Trust is one of the drivers of brand credibility. Its an intangible that overrides the importance of any product, service or experience. Yet, as we have mentioned in the beginning (the a la mode(p) years most of the industry and service sectors worldwide have lost their reliability on customers confidence), depone has eroded. In order for a company to gain customer trust is first of all to be simple and dont give great promises that could be proved untrue or impossible to be realised. Of lean every promise must be kept. Going forward, trust is growing in importance, to become one of the most important and sustainable competitive advantages an organisation can own. If a brand and its marketers follow that strategy combining with being close to the customers, the long term affects could be unpredictably well.Adding value to the brand is in our opinion also a major factor to the sales promotion of a healthy brand and in order to achieve this we need what we call innovation. Imagining and creating new value requires seeing what others dont. In a food retailing sector, innovation could be achieved either by influencing or shaping the companys vision, or to cheer up to come up with a new business concept, an entirely new venture, or a new brand. vale edo mia kainotomia ton supermarket morrisson. Other innovative ways could also be the addition of a new product, service or experience for a certain customer segment or the effort to speak the language of those consumers already living a trend so they can produce new products adjusted to the new trends and needs.The goal of any organisation is to create sustainable competitive differentiation, by providing to customers what they value and want in ways that others cant. One way to beat competition, according to Kim and Mauborgne in their book sober Ocean Strategy, is to stop trying to beat the competition. Instead, create uncontested market space to create and fascinate new demand. Thereby, the competition becomes irrelevant. The classic example of creating a blue ocean (referenced in their book) is Cirque du Soleil. From a group of 20 street performers in 1984, Cirque is now a major artistic entertainment company delighting almost 90 million spectators a year. The company looked at traditional circus acts like Ringling Brothers and transformed them into Broadway meets artistic music and dance experiences. While increasing customer value and ticket prices, they simultaneously eliminated the largest cost items of the circus, including the star performers and animal shows. This is an extremely good example of how health brand marketers managed to create an uncontested market space.Finally, we can support that the more you know about your customers as real people looking beyond their obvious needs to their hopes, dreams, fears and challenges the more you can help them achieve. In return, you will have customers who become enthusiastic fans of your organisation. The most significant method that should be used to achieve this is through the cordial media and its ways. fond medi a has really changed the way brands are connecting with their customers. More and more companies are starting to realize the value of companionable media and are quickly adapting this new form of communication. However in order to have a prosperous social media strategy, it is important to have an internal culture that is ready to accept and learn. Some effective ways to achieve social media method are the following1.Internal engagement. Internal engagement gives employees, the ones who power your brand, the chance to shine. One of the best examples is Best demoralize Connect. Best Buy has been a brand at the forefront of social media, using blogs, social networking tools, forums, and video to build brand awareness and keep consumers up-to-date with Best Buy News. Best Buy has given people a platform to share and discuss technology and tech-related products. In this platform, someone can find Product Discussions and discuss topics like Computers, TV, Gaming, Appliances, Audio, Ca meras, iPods, Mobile Devices and more. They also have a section for Customer Service, Reward Points, and Meet the Moderators who by the way take the time to make sure the forum is a stimulating environment where there are valuable conversations. 2. Collaboration. Another very important technique is to create mechanisms for customers to influence your products and services. The best example here is dells IdeaStorm. Through this innovative website-idea of Dell the visitors-customers of the website can view all the posted ideas from the community, post their ideas for Dell products or services, promote or submit ideas by voting, or seen their ideas become a reality by sending them to authorised people of the company who examine them and if there are eligible they make them true. By surfing a little turn of events on the web-site, we found some amazing informations like that people who where participating to this web-site have contributed 11,790 ideas, theyve posted 84,546 comments an d the site has been promoted 667,054 times. Most important, Dell has implemented 337 ideas based on customer input.This web-site provides a real contact with the customer. It is a web-site where everybodys ideas reign.3. Authenticity. Hear we provide an excellent example where Mayo Clinic (One of the best clinics in the USA) keep their customers (old people in this specific example) happy by buying them a piano. In the video that we are referencing, someone can really see the happiness on their faces when the old couple is playing the piano.4. Feedback. Some companies lately have created a site that really communicates with the customers. An expert daily replies to a number of customers through twitter or other similar methods where he really helps them with any kind of problems that they have or answer to any possible question. ComcastCares is a very good example to describe such a situation.5. Participation. My Starbucks Idea is a web-site that Starbucks has created where they hav e pursuit their customers that they know better than anyone else what they want from Starbucks. There, people are able to share their ideas, converse what they think of other peoples ideas and join the discussions.Finally experiences (create new ways of delivering experiences that fit with their lifestyles), conduit (allowing customers to share with each other through you rather than driven by you) and sharing (allow customers to share their ratings) are some supplementary methods that can be considered as effective ways to achieve social media method.Summary-ConclusionAs we have seen so far, there has been a significant effort with a variety of ways -by the food retailing sector in Britain- to attract their customer confidence again. In our opinion, the approach that overrules every other method is the fact that the new strategy includes the customer as a real part of the organisation or the sector. This new era, sets the customer in the top of the pyramid making him the one who t akes the basic decisions of what he really needs and giving then the green light to the companies to make it true. When people feel like they matter to the company, and when you engage them in ways they value and want, theyll matter more about you. This way, company and customers are acting no more individually and rivalry to each other. On the contrary, they move hand by hand on the same side of the river trying to accomplish the best outcome for both of them.Once again, the forecast predicts rise tade% until 2015Finally, if the online grocery continuous this way, it will give more push to the top